Az Eszterházy-uradalom gazdálkodása a 18. században (Pápa–Ugod–Devecser)

Fülöp, Éva Mária (2020) Az Eszterházy-uradalom gazdálkodása a 18. században (Pápa–Ugod–Devecser) In: Tanulmányok Eszterházy Károly egri püspök szellemi és épített örökségéről. Eger, Eszterházy Károly Egyetem Líceum Kiadó. pp. 147-157.

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Absztrakt (kivonat)

Agricultural Production on the Feudal Estates of Pápa-Ugod-Devecser of the Esterházys in the 18 th Century Count Károly Eszterházy (1725-1799), Bishop of Eger, acquired these domains as a patrimony in 1762 due to the landowning classification with his brothers among their inherited properties. In the 18 century the manorial lands of Pápa-Ugod-Devecser had strong connections with the Transdanubian estates of the younger Fraknó (Forchtenstein) line of the Esterházy family, regarding mainly the Tata-Gesztes estates. This period saw the Urbary Regulation in 1767, when the villein socage of serfs was regulated by the state. th The Bishop’s economic activity, as well as his patronage of science and arts were significant. The Bishop entrusted Regent Ferenc Balogh of Galánta (1708-1765) at Tata with the management of these estates, and the family’s property as well. So from 1762 onwards, Ferenc Balogh, who had great reputation in economy management of that time, also managed the family estates of Károly Eszterházy. After his death in 1765, the prefect (estate steward) at Pápa was running the estates. Regent Balogh, as the appointed governor of domain of Pápa-Ugod-Devecser, managed the agricultural production based mainly on his experiences at the TataGesztes estates. Among the agricultural products of these estates were primarily grain and timber. Because most of the domain was situated in the territory of Bakony mountain, they could increase their income by pig-breeding. Pasture leasing and wine sales were the leading sources of income. It was important that Regent Balogh reorganized the domain’s forestry. They enhanced the rate of market-oriented production. Their aim was to increase manorial production by increasing the number of farm-labourers and draft animals. They also cancelled the leasing of the so-called right of regalia (ius regaliae). To increase the quantity of grain to sell, the domain demanded from their serfs to pay the ninth tenth of their income and the tithe (decima) in kind. This period can be considered an interesting transition from the empirical to theory-based farming. The training of young people for an economic career under the supervision of the Regent in the different economic offices at the Tata domain employed the continuation of the old empirical method, and at the same time it was a forerunner of higher agricultural education for estate officers’ training in Hungary at the end of the 18 century. There were close connections between the estates officials’ training for the family possessions of Károly Eszterházy and for the property of his episcopal benefice. Because of the expected state socage regulations, the Bishop and his estates’ Regent made great efforts to sign new contracts (urbary, urbarium) with the serfs in favour of the domains. ----- Hospodárenie esterházyovského panstva v 18. storočí (Pápa-Ugod-Devecser) Výhradné vlastníctvo panstva Pápa-Ugod-Devecser získal jágerský biskup gróf Karol Eszterházy po rodovej majetkovej deľbe v roku 1762. Panstvo bolo v 18. storočí mnohonásobne prepojené s ostatnými zadunajskými panstvami fraknovskej línie Esterházyovcov, najmä panstvom Tata-Gesztes. V tomto období bol vydaný urbársky patent Márie Terézie (1767). Hospodárska činnosť biskupa Eszterházyho nezaostávala za jeho aktivitami podporujúcimi umenie, či vytvárajúce podmienky rozvoja vedy, preto výskum tejto témy je takisto relevantný. V začiatkoch svojho samostatného hospodárenia prenechal riadenie panstva na veľaváženého prefekta/regenta panstva Tata-Gesztes, Františka Balogha, ktorý v jeho službách vykonal skutočne záslužnú prácu. Po Baloghovej smrti (1765) pokračovala správa panstva pod vedením prefekta so sídlom v Pápe. Tunajšie hospodárenie vynikalo najmä v tradičnom predaji dreva, vína a obilia. Okrem posilňovania alodiálneho hospodárstva sa snažili aj o prinavrátenie regálií a vlastnoručne sa ujali pivných domov, páleníc ako aj výčapov, ktoré prinášali čoraz väčší osoh.

Mű típusa:	Könyvrészlet - Book section
Szerző:	Szerző neve Email MTMT azonosító ORCID azonosító Közreműködés Fülöp, Éva Mária NEM RÉSZLETEZETT NEM RÉSZLETEZETT NEM RÉSZLETEZETT Szerző
Kapcsolódó URL-ek:	Befoglaló kötet
Nyelv:	magyar
DOI azonosító:	10.46403/TanulmanyokEszterhazy.2020.147
ISBN:	978-963-496-159-8
Felhasználó:	Tibor Gál
Dátum:	21 Szep 2020 15:36
Utolsó módosítás:	30 Okt 2020 13:54
URI:	http://publikacio.uni-eszterhazy.hu/id/eprint/6609

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